SINTESIS ESTER GALAKTOSA ASAM LEMAK DARI METIL ESTER MINYAK BIJI KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabica) DAN GALAKTOSA ASETAT

Abstract

The synthesis of ester galactose fatty acid from methyl ester of arabica coffee seed oil (Coffea arabica) and galactose acetate with a toxic solvent-free synthesis process has been performed. Methyl ester oil of coffee beans is synthesized from coffee seed oil that has been macerated for 3 days with oil content of 17% and the result of methyl ester synthesis of coffee seed oil has a yield percentage of 87.93% with methanol reaction medium with 1% H₂SO₄ catalyst. Galactose acetate was synthesized from galactose and anhydrous acetic acid on a 1: 1 ratio resulting in galactose acetate with a yield percentage of 91.29%. The synthesis of fatty acid galactose ester from methyl ester coffee seed oil and galactose acetate was synthesized with a 1: 1 mole ratio using a 1 M M NaHCO₃ catalyst with a temperature of 80-100 ºC for 6 hours yielding galactosil ester of fatty acid coffee seed oil. FTIR analysis showed that ester group formed from coffee seed oil methyl ester at wave number 1745,58 cm^-1. FTIR analysis of galactosil acetate showed the presence of ester group formed from galactose at wave number 1728,22 cm^-1. FTIR analysis of galactose oil seed oil ester showed the presence of ester group at wave number 1743,65 cm^-1 and group (CH₂)n at wave number 721,38 cm^-1 with value of HLB obtained 3,494.

Keywords: Coffee bean oil, galactose acetate, interesterification, fatty acid ester galactose