PEMBUATAN SURFAKTAN BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK BIJI MAHONI Swietenia macrophylla King DENGAN DIETANOLAMINA

  • Catur Oktaviani Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Mulawarman
  • Daniel Daniel Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Mulawarman

Abstract

ABSTRACT


This research was conducted to synthesize diethanolamide synthesis from methyl esters of mahogany seed oil (Swietenia macrophylla King) trough an oxidation reaction with variation in catalyst weight. The results showed that the 48,97% mahogany seed oil content of acid was 24,239 mg KOH/g. The mahogany seed oil was methyl ester through the reverse asterification method 0f 0,791 mg KOH/g, saponification is 88,373 mg KOH/g. The results of the GC-MS analysis of the dominant fatty acid are methyl linoleic by 36,02%. Methyl esters are reacted with diethanolamine through an amidation method using a variation of catalyst weight which is 0,5%, 1% and 1,5% with yield percentages of 71,197%, 79,638% and 82,035%. The optimum condition of diethanolamide synthesis is the catalyst weight variation of 1.5% which can reduce water surface tension by 45,159%. The FT-IR spectrum data shows that the absorption peak which is specific to the amide group is found at wave number 1620cm-1 so it can be concluded that the compound is diethanolamide.


Keyword : Mahogany seed oil, esterification amidation, diethanolamide.


 


ABSTRAK


Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mensintesis dietanolamida dari metil ester minyak biji mahoni (Swietenia machrophylla King) melalui reaksi amidasi dengan variasi berat katalis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan minyak biji mahoni 48,97% bilangan asam sebesar 24,239 mg KOH/g minyak biji mahoni tersebut dikonversi menjadi metil ester melalui metode esterifikasi menurunkan bilangan asam sebesar 0,791 mg KOH/g, bilangan penyabunan adalah 88,373 mg KOH/g. Hasil dari analisa GC-MS asam lemak yang dominan yaitu metil linoleat sebesar 36,02%. Metil ester direaksikan dengan dietanolamina melalui metode amidasi dengan menggunakan variasi berat katalis yaitu 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5% dengan persen rendemen sebesar 71,197%, 79,638% and 82,035%. Kondisi optimum dari sintesis dietanolamida yaitu pada variasi berat katalis 1,5% yang dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan air sebesar 45,159%. Hasil data spektrum FT-IR menunjukkan puncak serapan yang spesifik untuk gugus amida terdapat pada bilangan gelombang 1620 cm-1 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa tersebut adalah dietanolamida.


Kata Kunci : Minyak biji mahoni, esterifikasi, amidasi, dietanolamida

Keyword
Mahogany seed oil, esterification amidation, diethanolamide

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References

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Published
2020-05-29
How to Cite
OKTAVIANI, Catur; DANIEL, Daniel. PEMBUATAN SURFAKTAN BERBAHAN DASAR MINYAK BIJI MAHONI Swietenia macrophylla King DENGAN DIETANOLAMINA. JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN, [S.l.], v. 17, n. 2, p. 61-67, may 2020. ISSN 2476-9258. Available at: <http://jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/692>. Date accessed: 19 apr. 2024.
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Vol 17 No 2 (2020)
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