IMPLEMENTASI BAKU MUTU AIR LIMBAH BERBASIS DAYA TAMPUNG BEBAN PENCEMARAN BADAN AIR PENERIMA PADA KEGIATAN PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA
Abstract
This research is based on the fact that many rivers in East Kalimantan are complained to be polluted by coal mining activities even though many rules to protect surface waters are in place and obeyed. To explain why it is happened, an audit is conducted to the regulations and to the implementation of the regulations. Desk audit is carried out to assess whether the regulations about waste assimilative capacity and effluent limitation that are currently endorsed are appropriate or not compared to the TMDL concept. The audit of implementation is carried out to assess whether the regulations are applied thoroughly or not. The results is that the technical regulations to determine the class of water and to allocation waste load are absent.Therefore, many regulations related the water quality based effluent limitation are not implemented properly. Most of effluent limitation refer directly to the national or provincial standards that are usually less stringent than the water quality based standard of the local rivers or small rivers. The case study in Loa Haur River obtains that the waste assimilative capacity of the river is 33.696 ton of TSS/day. The WAC that is allocated to 6 (six) coal mining in the sub basin of Loa Haur is 5 ton/day. The allocation is based on their production capacity. The results of water quality based effluent limitation of coal mining companies in the Loa Haur sub basin is 0.17 ton TSS/day or its concentration of 114.63 mg/L.
Keywords: Audit, implementation, polluted coal mining
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References
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Department of Environmental (DES), 2010. Specify in Statute All of the Designated Beneficial Uses of New Hampshire Surface Waters. New Hampshire. United States of America. http://www.des.state.nh.us/organization/divisions/water/wmb/wqs/meetings/documents/20100506-du-disc.pdf
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Hansen E. and Janes M., 2003. Coal Mining and the Clean Water Act: Why Regulated Coal Mines Still Pollute Virginia’s Stream. Elkin, WV: West Virginia River Coalition and Appalachian Center for the Economy and the Environment. United States of America.
Hansen E., 2001. Total Maximum Daily Load Implementation in West Virginia: A Status Report. Elkins, WV. West Virginia River Coalition. United States of America.
Khanna P., Babu P.R. and George M.S., 1999. Carrying-capacity as a basis for sustainable development. A case study of National Capital Region in India. Progress in Planning. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg. Nagpur. India.
Mackenzie I., 1995. Water Quality-Based Effluent Limits Procedure Manual. Standard and Guidelines Branch, Environmental Assessment Division. Alberta Environmental Protection. Alberta. Kanada.
Meybeck, M., Kuusisto E., Makela A., and E. Malkki E., 1996. Chapter 2 – Water Quality. Water Quality Monitoring–A Guide to the Design and Implementation of Freshwater Quality Studies an Monitoring Programmes. UNEP/WHO.
Miller, B.G., 2005. Coal Energy System. Elsevier Academic Press. California. USA. National Assoociation of Home Builders (NAHB), 2004. Model Sediment TMDL Protocol. Limno-Tech, Inc.
Washington, D.C. United States of America.Novotny V., 2003. Water Quality, Diffuse Pollution and Watershed Management. Second Edition. John Wiley &
Sons, Inc. New York. United States of America.
Novotny V. and Harvey O., 1994. Water Quality. Prevention, Identification and Management of Diffuse Pollution.ITP, A Division of International Thomson Publishing, Inc. New York. United States of America.
Oregon Departement of Environmental Quality (ODEQ), 2007. Oregon DEQ TMDL Modeling Review. Oregon. United States of America.
Rizal, E.A.R., 2009. ”Penentuan Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran dan Penerapannya pada Pengelolaan Kualitas Air Sungai Karang Mumus Samarinda”. Tesis Magister Ilmu Lingkungan. Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda.
Schobert, 1987. Coal: The Energy Source of the Past and Future. American Chemical Society. Washington DC.USA.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 1999. Guidance for Water Quality-Based Decision: The TMDL Process, Assessment and Watershed Protection Division. Washington DC. United States of America.
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Published
2013-05-18
How to Cite
SITORUS, Saibun; SIMANGUNSONG, Binsar.
IMPLEMENTASI BAKU MUTU AIR LIMBAH BERBASIS DAYA TAMPUNG BEBAN PENCEMARAN BADAN AIR PENERIMA PADA KEGIATAN PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA.
JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 2, may 2013.
ISSN 2476-9258.
Available at: <http://jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/29>. Date accessed: 26 apr. 2024.
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