UJI TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MERAH TANAMAN PUCUK MERAH (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli
Abstract
A research aims to know the toxicity of Pucuk Merah (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) red leaves extracts against brine shrimp Artemia salina Leach and its bioactivity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been carried out. The dried samples were macerated with ethanol and were fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol-water. Phytochemical test showed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, phenolic and flavonoid in ethanol extract. n-Hexane fraction contained alkaloids, triterpenoids and steroids, ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolic and flavonoid while ethanol-water fraction contained triterpenoids, saponins and phenolic. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the highest bioactivity in Artemia salina Leach with LC50 values of 149.8600 ppm. Antibacterial activity test using agar diffusion method showed that ethyl acetate fraction had the highest inhibiton against Staphylococcus aureus whereas total extract had the highest inhibition against Escherichia coli with MIC values of 0,5%. These results showed that Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. red leaves extract potential as an antibacterial agent.Keywords: Syzygium myrtifolium Walp., Toxicity, Antibacterial
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References
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Flora & Fauna Web. (2013). Syzygium myrtifolium (Roxb.) Walp. https://florafaunaweb. nparks.gov.sg/specialpages/plant-detail.aspx?id= 3156 diakses terakhir tanggal 25 Februari 2015.
Memon, A. H., Ismail Z., Aisha A. F. A., Al-Suede F. S. R., Hamil M. S. R., Hashim S., Saeed M. A. A., Laghari M. dan Majid A. M. S. A. (2014). Isolation, Characterization, Crystal Structure Elucidation, and Anticancer Study of Diethyl Cardamonin, Isolated from Syzygium campanulatum Korth. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 2014.
Santoni, A., Darwis D. dan Syahri S. (2013). Isolasi, Identifikasi dan Uji Antioksidan Senyawa Antosianin dari Buah Pucuk Merah (Syzygium campanulatum Korth.) serta Aplikasi sebagai Pewarna Alami. Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung.
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Meyer, B. N., Ferrigni N. R., Putnam J. E., Jacobsen L. B., Nichols D. E. dan McLaughlin J. L. 1982. Brine Shrimp: A Convenient General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research Planta Medica Vol. 45 : 31 – 34.
Marliana, S. D., Suryanti V. dan Suyono. (2005). Skrining Fitokimia dan Analisis Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Komponen Kimia Buah Labu Siam (Sechium edule Jacq. Swartz.) dalam Ekstrak Etanol. Biofarmasi Vol. 3 No.1 : 26 – 31.
Sangi, M., Runtuwene M. R. J., Simbala H. E. I. dan Makang V. M. A. (2008). Analisis Fitokimia Tumbuhan Obat di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Chem. Prog. Vol. 1 No. 1: 47 – 53.
Marliana, E. dan Saleh C. (2011). Uji Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kasar Etanol, Fraksi nHeksana, Etil Asetat dan Metanol dari Buah Labu Air (Lagenari siceraria (Morlina) Standl). Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman Vol. 8 No. 2: 63 – 39.
Sanjayasari, D. dan Pliliang W. G. (2011). Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Saoropus androgenus (L.) Merr.) Terhadap Larva Udang Artemia salina: Potensi Fitofarmaka pada Ikan.Berkala Perikanan Terubuk Vol. 39 No.1: 91 – 100.
Cowan, M. M. (1999). Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents. Clinical Microbiology reviews Vol. 12 (4): 564–582.
Rachmawati, F., Nuria M. C. dan Sumantri. (2011). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi Kloroform Ekstrak Etanol Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L) Urb) serta Identifikasi Senyawa Aktifnya. Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Wahid Hasyim, Semarang.
Djoukeng, J. D., Abou-Mansour E., Tabacchi R., Tapondjou A. L., Bouda H. and Lontsi D. (2005). Antibacterial Triterpenes from Syzygium guineense (Myrtaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 101 issues 1–3: 283–286.
Permatasari, G. A. A. A., Besung I. N. K. dan Mahatmi H. (2013). Daya Hambat Perasan Daun Sirsak Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus Vol. 2 No. 2 : 162 – 169.
Published
2016-01-19
How to Cite
HARYATI, Nur Aini; SALEH, Chairul; -, Erwin.
UJI TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MERAH TANAMAN PUCUK MERAH (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli.
JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, jan. 2016.
ISSN 2476-9258.
Available at: <http://jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/43>. Date accessed: 25 apr. 2024.
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